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A fume hood is a special type of laboratory work equipment with an enclosure on top that can contain the effects of the experiment being run within it. It is designed to ensure safety for the user and other inhabitants of the room, and it should be able to filter out any harmful gasses. A fume hood may also provide protection from small explosions or splashes. It must have a built-in mechanism to strongly suck the gasses out of the working area within the enclosure.
Basically, a fume hood is just a large box on top of a lab workbench . This box has a large door or shutter at one side, and may or may not have glass or CRCA sheet walls on other sides. If you need to display some dangerous kind of experiment to an audience on top of an island-type lab table, then you need a glass-walled chamber; or else a wall-facing metal fume cabinet is fine.
As the fume hood needs to suck the air out of the box, it generally has an exhaust fan or air pump inside it above the work area, and a sealed vent pipe connected to it that goes to the outside atmosphere, or to a filter block. There are some types of fume hoods that don't need a vent or air ducts; we'll cover them soon.
The lower part of a fume hood, essentially the area under the table can be utilized too. We can put some under-table storage cabinets in there, or we can keep it open as well
| Model Parameters |
YT-1500A | YT-1500B | YT-1500C | YT-1800A | YT-1800B | YT-1800C |
| Size (mm) | 1500(W)*865(D)*2400(H) | 1800(W)*1205(D)*2400(H) | ||||
| Worktop Size (mm) | 1260(W1)*795(D1)*1100(H1) | 1560(W1)*795(D1)*1100(H1) | ||||
| Worktop | 20+6mm Ceramic | 20+6mm Ceramic | 12.7mm Solid Physiochemical Board | 20+6mm Ceramic | 20+6mm Ceramic | 12.7mm Solid Physiochemical Board |
| Liner | 5mm Ceramic Fibre | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Ceramic Fibre | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Compact Laminate |
| Diversion Structure | Back Absorption | |||||
| Control System | Touch-Tone Control Panel (LED Screen) | |||||
| Input Power | 220V/32A | |||||
| Fan Power | Less than 2.8 A | |||||
| Socket Max. Load | 5KW | |||||
| Faucet | 1 Set | |||||
| Drainage Mode | Natural Fall | |||||
| Storage | Double-Lock, Corrosion-Resistant, Damp-proof, Multi-layer Solid Wood with Mobile Wheel | |||||
| Application | Indoor No-blast, 0-40 ºC | |||||
| Application Field | Organic Chemical Experiment | |||||
| Face Velocity Control | Manual Control | |||||
| Average Face Velocity | 0.3-0.5 m/s Exhaust: 720-1200m³/h | 0.3-0.5 m/s Exhaust:900- 1490m³/h | ||||
| Face Velocity Deviation | Less than 10% | |||||
| Average Illumination | Less than 500 Lux | |||||
| Noise | Within 55 dB | |||||
| Exhaust Air | No Residue | |||||
| Safety Test | In Accord with International Standard | |||||
| Resistance | Less than 70Pa | |||||
| Add Air Function | Distinctive Structure (Need Exclusive Add Air System) | |||||
| Air Flow Control Valve | Dia. 250mm Flange Type Anti-Corrosion Control Valve | Dia. 315mm Flange Type Anti-Corrosion Control Valve | ||||
Working Principle of a Fume Hood
The functions of a fume hood are as follows:
-To protect the user from inhaling toxic fumes
-To protect the experiment or sample from contamination
-To protect the user from explosions or spills
-To achieve the above, a fume hood has three main parts-the table, the enclosure, and the system.
The table is generally a standard CRCA made C-frame or H-Frame work, with under-table storage like shuttered cabinets and/or drawers, where you can keep some lab equipment . The enclosure also is CRCA-made; with a glass shutter at one side. The glass in the shutter should be of good quality-some advanced models may even be explosion-proof.
Inside the fume hood, there are facilities to let you work. For example, there is almost always some good lighting system in the cabinet. There should be LPG and water connections in the hood, and a drain too in case of spills.
The air suction system is generally placed on top of the box or on the backside (the side towards the wall). This system is generally made up of a strong exhaust fan or air pump and accompanying air duct. The strength of the pump lies in the airflow strength-starting from 4 to 8 meters per second to more.
When the exhaust is running, it sucks in volumes of air through the open side (never run the exhaust with the hood completely closed) and vents it through the duct. The duct may throw the fumes right outside the room in the air, or may run it through a filtration system, depending upon the severity of the experiment.
Some advanced laboratory fume hoods have microcontrollers inside them, which you can use to control the exhaust. You may set various suction levels for given setups and later use these quick setups for particular experiments. You can also control the fan/pump power during the experiment too, and the lights as well. The control panel can also warn you about various inconsistencies, like the presence of smoke or fire or too high a shutter.
• Hoods should be evaluated by the user before each use to ensure adequate face velocities and the absence of excessive turbulence.
• In case of exhaust system failure while using a hood, shut off all services and accessories and lower the sash completely. Leave the area immediately.Why do fume hoods use so much energy?
It's the air being sucked through the fume hood, not the fume hood itself that consumes so much energy. For health and safety reasons, labs use 100% outside air which must be heated or cooled for comfort before it is brought into the lab. In addition to the energy required to condition the air, a significant amount of additional electricity is required to run large fans to move the air through the building and through the fume hoods.
How does shutting the sash save energy?
Most fume hoods at Stanford are variable air volume (VAV), meaning that the fume hoods are designed to vary the air flow based on how wide open the sash height is. Sash position is connected to the building's ventilation system so that a building's fan speed and the volume of air moved is reduced when the sash is lowered.
Is it safe to shut the sash?
The sash is an important safety barrier between the fume hood interior and the laboratory, protecting the lab user. Sashes should be opened only to set up or modify an experiment. At all other times, shutting the sash is safest. When the sash is shut there is still some air flow through the hood to remove any fumes.
How do I remind myself and my roommates to close the sash?
You can post a sticker, like the one shown in the picture below, to remind yourself and your lab mates to close the sash when not in use. The sticker also educates new fume hood users tha a lower sash is safer, and that the sash should only be open when setting up and modifying experiments.
What other fume hood practices can reduce my energy consumption?
• Never use a fume hood just for storing chemicals - they belong in a safety cabinet, which doesn't require huge volumes of air.
• If your fume hood has an occupancy switch, turn it off when not in use.
• If your group is no longer using a specific fume hood, consider having it locked and de-commissioned so air no longer flows through it.
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