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A standard fume hood is a constant air volume (CAV) hood, an older, traditionally less elaborate hood design used for general protection of the worker. Because the amount of exhausted air is constant, the face velocity of a CAV hood is inversely proportional to the sash height. That is, the lower the sash, the higher the face velocity. CAV hoods can be installed with or without a bypass provision which is an additional opening for air supply into the hood.
The bypass fume hood is an improved variation on the conventional fume hood. The bypass is located above the sash face opening and protected by a grille which helps to direct air flow. The bypass is intended to address the varying face velocities that create air turbulence leading to air spillage. The bypass limits the increase in face velocity as the sash nears the fully closed position, maintaining a relatively constant volume of exhaust air regardless of sash position.
Auxiliary air fume hood, sometimes referred to as a makeup air fume hood, was developed as a variation on the bypass fume hood and reduces the amount of conditioned room air that is consumed. The auxiliary fume hood is a bypass hood with the addition of directly ducted auxiliary air to provide unconditioned or partially conditioned outside makeup air. Auxiliary air hoods were designed to save heating and cooling energy costs, but increase the mechanical and operational costs due to the additional ductwork, fans, and air tempering facilities. Unless the volume (and therefore velocity) of auxiliary air is carefully adjusted, the air curtain created will affect the hood operation and may pull vapors out of the hood interior.
| Model Parameters |
YT-1500A | YT-1500B | YT-1500C | YT-1800A | YT-1800B | YT-1800C |
| Size (mm) | 1500(W)*865(D)*2400(H) | 1800(W)*1205(D)*2400(H) | ||||
| Worktop Size (mm) | 1260(W1)*795(D1)*1100(H1) | 1560(W1)*795(D1)*1100(H1) | ||||
| Worktop | 20+6mm Ceramic | 20+6mm Ceramic | 12.7mm Solid Physiochemical Board | 20+6mm Ceramic | 20+6mm Ceramic | 12.7mm Solid Physiochemical Board |
| Liner | 5mm Ceramic Fibre | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Ceramic Fibre | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Compact Laminate |
| Diversion Structure | Back Absorption | |||||
| Control System | Touch-Tone Control Panel (LED Screen) | |||||
| Input Power | 220V/32A | |||||
| Fan Power | Less than 2.8 A | |||||
| Socket Max. Load | 5KW | |||||
| Faucet | 1 Set | |||||
| Drainage Mode | Natural Fall | |||||
| Storage | Double-Lock, Corrosion-Resistant, Damp-proof, Multi-layer Solid Wood with Mobile Wheel | |||||
| Application | Indoor No-blast, 0-40 ºC | |||||
| Application Field | Organic Chemical Experiment | |||||
| Face Velocity Control | Manual Control | |||||
| Average Face Velocity | 0.3-0.5 m/s Exhaust: 720-1200m³/h | 0.3-0.5 m/s Exhaust:900- 1490m³/h | ||||
| Face Velocity Deviation | Less than 10% | |||||
| Average Illumination | Less than 500 Lux | |||||
| Noise | Within 55 dB | |||||
| Exhaust Air | No Residue | |||||
| Safety Test | In Accord with International Standard | |||||
| Resistance | Less than 70Pa | |||||
| Add Air Function | Distinctive Structure (Need Exclusive Add Air System) | |||||
| Air Flow Control Valve | Dia. 250mm Flange Type Anti-Corrosion Control Valve | Dia. 315mm Flange Type Anti-Corrosion Control Valve | ||||
| Model Parameters |
YT-1500A | YT-1500B | YT-1500C | YT-1800A | YT-1800B | YT-1800C |
| Size (mm) | 1500(W)*865(D)*2400(H) | 1800(W)*1205(D)*2400(H) | ||||
| Worktop Size (mm) | 1260(W1)*795(D1)*1100(H1) | 1560(W1)*795(D1)*1100(H1) | ||||
| Worktop | 20+6mm Ceramic | 20+6mm Ceramic | 12.7mm Solid Physiochemical Board | 20+6mm Ceramic | 20+6mm Ceramic | 12.7mm Solid Physiochemical Board |
| Liner | 5mm Ceramic Fibre | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Ceramic Fibre | 5mm Compact Laminate | 5mm Compact Laminate |
| Diversion Structure | Back Absorption | |||||
| Control System | Touch-Tone Control Panel (LED Screen) | |||||
| Input Power | 220V/32A | |||||
| Fan Power | Less than 2.8 A | |||||
| Socket Max. Load | 5KW | |||||
| Faucet | 1 Set | |||||
| Drainage Mode | Natural Fall | |||||
| Storage | Double-Lock, Corrosion-Resistant, Damp-proof, Multi-layer Solid Wood with Mobile Wheel | |||||
| Application | Indoor No-blast, 0-40 ºC | |||||
| Application Field | Organic Chemical Experiment | |||||
| Face Velocity Control | Manual Control | |||||
| Average Face Velocity | 0.3-0.5 m/s Exhaust: 720-1200m³/h | 0.3-0.5 m/s Exhaust:900- 1490m³/h | ||||
| Face Velocity Deviation | Less than 10% | |||||
| Average Illumination | Less than 500 Lux | |||||
| Noise | Within 55 dB | |||||
| Exhaust Air | No Residue | |||||
| Safety Test | In Accord with International Standard | |||||
| Resistance | Less than 70Pa | |||||
| Add Air Function | Distinctive Structure (Need Exclusive Add Air System) | |||||
| Air Flow Control Valve | Dia. 250mm Flange Type Anti-Corrosion Control Valve | Dia. 315mm Flange Type Anti-Corrosion Control Valve | ||||
Fume hoods exhaust toxic, flammable, noxious, or hazardous fumes and vapors by capturing, diluting, and removing these materials. Fume hoods also provide physical protection against fire, spills, and explosion. Laboratory fume hoods only protect users when they are used properly and are working correctly. A fume hood is designed to protect the user and room occupants from exposure to vapors, aerosols, toxic materials, odorous, and other harmful substances. Fume hoods provide the best protection when the fume hood sash is in the closed position. All chemical fume hoods must be ducted to the outside of the building.
Constant Air Volume Hoods (CAV)
CAV fume hood exhausts the same amount of air all the time, regardless of sash position. As the sash is lowered and raised, the velocity at the face of the hood changes. The opening is marked where the correct face velocity occurs.
Variable air volume hoods (VAV)
VAV hoods modulate air flow based on sash height and maintain 100 ft/min face velocity at all sash heights. They are equipped with a monitor that indicates whether the hood is in the "standard operation" or "standby operation" mode. The fume hood monitor also has an "emergency purge" button, which increases airflow through the hood to maximum and can be used to quickly remove air contaminates from the lab. VAV fume hoods are equipped with flow sensors that activate an audible alarm when malfunctions occur.
• Hoods should be evaluated by the user before each use to ensure adequate face velocities and the absence of excessive turbulence.
• In case of exhaust system failure while using a hood, shut off all services and accessories and lower the sash completely. Leave the area immediately.Why do fume hoods use so much energy?
It's the air being sucked through the fume hood, not the fume hood itself that consumes so much energy. For health and safety reasons, labs use 100% outside air which must be heated or cooled for comfort before it is brought into the lab. In addition to the energy required to condition the air, a significant amount of additional electricity is required to run large fans to move the air through the building and through the fume hoods.
How does shutting the sash save energy?
Most fume hoods at Stanford are variable air volume (VAV), meaning that the fume hoods are designed to vary the air flow based on how wide open the sash height is. Sash position is connected to the building's ventilation system so that a building's fan speed and the volume of air moved is reduced when the sash is lowered.
Is it safe to shut the sash?
The sash is an important safety barrier between the fume hood interior and the laboratory, protecting the lab user. Sashes should be opened only to set up or modify an experiment. At all other times, shutting the sash is safest. When the sash is shut there is still some air flow through the hood to remove any fumes.
How do I remind myself and my roommates to close the sash?
You can post a sticker, like the one shown in the picture below, to remind yourself and your lab mates to close the sash when not in use. The sticker also educates new fume hood users tha a lower sash is safer, and that the sash should only be open when setting up and modifying experiments.
What other fume hood practices can reduce my energy consumption?
• Never use a fume hood just for storing chemicals - they belong in a safety cabinet, which doesn't require huge volumes of air.
• If your fume hood has an occupancy switch, turn it off when not in use.
• If your group is no longer using a specific fume hood, consider having it locked and de-commissioned so air no longer flows through it.
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